Psychology 9-1 GCSE - 2.2.2 - Peterson and Peterson (1959) Short-term retention of individual verbal items: Aims - To investigate the duration of short term memory. To test if information that is not rehearsed is lost quickly from short term memory. Procedure - A lab experiment in which 24 participants had to recall meaningless three consonant syllables. They were presented one at a time and had to be recalled after intervals of 3,6,9,12 or 18 seconds. They were also asked to count backwards in three or fours to prevent rehearsal. Results - There was a rapid increase in forgetting as the time delay increased. Conclusions - Short-term memory has a limited duration of about 18 seconds when rehersal is prevented. If a person is not allowed to rehearse the information will not transfer to their long term memory store. Strengths - It supports the multistore model of memory ( Atkinson and Shiffrin 1969 ). Results are easily proven t...
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Psychology 9-1 GCSE - 2.1.5 Understand the structure and process of memory through the Multi-store Model of Memory (Atkinson and Shiffrin, 1968), including strengths and weaknesses of the theory: Multistore-model of memory - a) Sensory register - Duration is 1/4 to 1/2 a second. Capacity is all sensory experience. Encoding is sense specific. This is where you register the environmental input. b) The capacity of short term memory - STM (short term memory) - 7 plus or minus 2 items can be stored in short term memory at one time. c) The Duration of short-term memory - STM (short term memory) - Duration of information held in short term memory seems to be between 15 and 30 seconds, but the duration you can hold it here depends on the type of information it is. STM holds primarily acoustic encoded memories (sound). d) The capacity of long term memory - LTM (long term memory) - Capacity for long term memory, as ...
Psychology 9-1 GCSE - 2.1.2 - Understand the features of short-term and long-term memory, including: a) Duration - STM (short term memory) - Duration of information held in short term memory seems to be between 15 and 30 seconds, but the duration you can hold it here depends on the type of information it is. STM holds primarily acoustic encoded memories (sound). LTM (long term memory) - Duration of information held in long term memory is thought to be infinite, but you can often only keep accessing it if you frequently retrieve it, this will strengthen the connection to it. Long term memory holds primarily semantic memories (memory based on meaning). b) Capacity - STM (short term memory) - 7 plus or minus 2 items can be stored in short term memory at one time. LTM (long term memory) - Capacity for long term memory, as well as duration, is thought to be infinite.