Psychology 9-1 GCSE - 

7.1.2 - Understand the role of identity and free will in the development of self, including strengths and weaknesses of each theory:

Erikson (1959) - 

1. Trust vs Mistrust - Hope / Anxiety - 0 to 1½

2. Autonomy vs Shame - Will / Inadequacy - 1½ to 3
3. Initiative vs Guilt - Purpose / Insecurity - 3 to 5
4. Industry vs Inferiority - Competency / Inferiority - 5 to 12
5. Identity vs Role Confusion - Fidelity / Identity Crisis - 12 to 18
6. Intimacy vs Isolation - Love / Loneliness - 18 to 40
7. Generativity vs Stagnation - Care / Disconnected - 40 to 65
8. Ego Integrity vs Despair - Wisdom / Despair - 65+

Strengths - 

• Changed how people think of later years in life.
• Realistic personality development.
• Provides a framework.

Weaknesses - 

• They are very vague descriptions.
• Does not explain the causes.
• Does not explain how it effects you in the future.

Baumeister (2008) - 

Some actions are freer than others and the difference is palpably important in terms of inner processes, subjective perception and social consequences. Psychology can study the difference between freer and less free actions. The processes that create these forms of free will may be biologically costly and therefore are only used occasionally. So that people are likely to remain only incompletely self disciplined, virtuous and rational.